Objectives Several variations have been reported in the azygous venous system (AZV) earlier, e.g., agenesis of azygous and hemi-azygous veins (HMAZV), incomplete accessory HMAZV, and accessory HMAZV may join the HMAZV. These variations can mimic pathologies such as aneurysms, tumors, and lymphadenopathies. The possibility of the above variations should be considered while carrying out mediastinal operations. Keeping in view the above-mentioned variations & their clinical relevance, we aimed