Jianpi Huazhuo Xiaoying Decoction plus emotional conditioning for thyroid nodule treatment: Impact on treatment outcomes and anxiety/depression

BACKGROUND Conventional treatments for thyroid nodules (TNs), whether based on Western medicine or limited to emotional regulation, diet, and lifestyle adjustments, have shown modest effectiveness. AIM To evaluate the efficacy of Jianpi Huazhuo Xiaoying Decoction (JPHZXYD), a formula designed to strengthen the spleen, resolve turbidity, and disperse nodules, combined with emotional conditioning therapy in the management of TNs. METHODS A total of 123 patients with TNs (January 2023 to November 2