Infections remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and liver transplantation (LT). Vaccination is underutilized despite proven benefits, and responses are often blunted by cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction and post-transplant immunosuppression. This review synthesizes current evidence and recent advances in vaccination strategies for adult LT recipients, emphasizing optimal timing, novel vaccine platforms, and precision vaccinology. We discuss emerging