Changes in the Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Physiological Responses of Sea Buckthorn (Elaeagnus rhamnoides L.) Infested with the Lackey Moth (Malacosoma neustria L.)

Herbivorous insect infestations are a serious problem that threatens the plants. To cope with this issue, plants utilize various defense mechanisms. Malacosoma neustria L. (the lackey moth) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), which causes significant damage by feeding on many shrub-like and woody plants during its larval stage, is a worldwide pest. Sea buckthorn, Elaeagnus rhamnoides L. (Rosales: Elaeagnaceae), which has economic, ecological, and medicinal importance, is one of the plants most preferr