Research Digest on Engineering Management and Social Innovations

Road Over Bridges (ROBs) are critical grade-separated structures constructed over railway level crossings to ensure uninterrupted traffic flow and safety. In India, ROBs are warranted when the Train Vehicle Unit (TVU) exceeds 100,000, particularly on National and State Highways where traffic density and train frequency are high. However, ROB projects are often plagued by time delays and cost over…

Rapid urbanization and increasing traffic volumes have intensified pavement deterioration, demanding frequent rehabilitation and maintenance. Conventional flexible pavements often fail prematurely due to inadequate confinement of subgrade and base layers. This research explores innovative stabilization techniques using geocells, waste tyres, polyethylene sheets, and thermo-geo plastic (TGP) to en…

Black cotton soil poses significant challenges for infrastructure development due to its swelling, shrinkage, compressibility, and low bearing capacity, often leading to cracks and uneven settlement. Stabilization of such soils is essential for rural road construction, where conventional methods increase costs due to material scarcity. This study explores the use of industrial by-products Rice Hu…

The rapid expansion of urbanization and construction has led to significant accumulation of Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste, raising environmental concerns. This study explores the use of recycled sand (RS) and recycled aggregates (RA), derived from C&D waste through highpressure washing at a recycling facility in Hyderabad, India, as substitutes for natural sand (NS) and natural …

Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is a cattle disease caused by a virus and highly contagious and as a result the livestock sector incurs a huge financial loss across the globe. Outbreaks of LSD must be contained and the mortality rate must be kept low, therefore early LSD diagnosis is essential. Traditional diagnosis methods, however, are slow, need a specific type of expertise, and in rural areas the di…

Narmada River is one of the most sacred rivers among the seven (River Ganga, Yamuna, Godavari, Saraswati, Narmada, Sindhu, Kaweri) from the Indian subcontinent, as mentioned in the ancient scriptures. Its banks and surrounding areas exhibit multiple layers of cultural heritage spanning centuries, which are continued in the contemporary period in both tangible and intangible forms. The River Narma…

In recent years, the need for flexible antennas in biomedical applications has significantly risen. Simultaneous collection and monitoring of multiple patients’ healthcare data have become crucial tasks in medical applications. Several efficient and reliable antenna systems have been introduced to address the near-field issues of the human body. In this study, a flexible microstrip patch antenna …

The increasing demand for sustainable infrastructure has prompted research into alternative construction materials that reduce environmental impact while maintaining performance standards. This study investigates the use of recycled sand and aggregates in flexible pavement construction, focusing on their mechanical properties, durability, and suitability compared to conventional materials. Labora…

The increasing demand for pavement construction materials has created environmental and economic challenges due to depletion of natural aggregates, rising costs, and stricter regulations. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) offers a sustainable solution by recycling existing materials, reducing landfill waste, and minimizing the use of virgin aggregates and binders. This study investigates the perfo…

This project develops a mechanistic–empirical framework for designing flexible pavements by integrating stress, strain, and deflection criteria across multi-layered systems. The research focuses on improving weak natural subgrades through compacted subgrade layers, optimizing pavement thickness for low- and high-volume roads, and extending service life under repeated axle loads. Using Odemark’s t…

India has the third largest road network globally, with national and state highways expanding rapidly in recent decades. Highway widening projects, however, face persistent challenges related to environmental concerns, funding limitations, and planning constraints. This study examines the environmental impacts of highway expansion along the Tambaram–Tindivanam stretch of NH45 in Tamil Nadu. Using…

Digital Elevation Model (DEM) provides the third-dimension information of the terrain relief. In the present-day scenario, DEM became the most inevitable part of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) because of its wide capabilities in extracting features of ground profile. DEM is playing a prominent role in various fields like topographic mapping, 3D simulations, runoff modellin…

Road traffic accidents represent a critical global public health and socioeconomic crisis, claiming approximately 1.35 million lives annually, with a disproportionate impact on low- and middle-income nations. Despite the severity of this humanitarian issue, current road safety initiatives often lack a cohesive, theoretically grounded framework. This thesis addresses this gap by developing a syste…

These methods leverage complementary search behaviors, where symmetry between global and local search processes enhances convergence speed and detection accuracy. The proposed approaches are validated using real-world IoT datasets, demonstrating significant improvements in anomaly detection accuracy, scalability, and adaptability compared to state-of-the-art techniques. Specifically, HGWOPSO comb…

Online recruitment platforms have become popular channels for job seekers and employers. However, the growth of these platforms has also increased the risk of Online Recruitment Fraud (ORF), where fraudsters post fake job advertisements to steal personal information, financial details, or conduct phishing attacks. Traditional rule-based and machine learning methods struggle to detect sophisticate…

Modern enterprise networks face an ever-expanding threat landscape characterized by zero-day exploits, polymorphic malware, distributed denial-of-service campaigns, and sophisticated insider threats that consistently evade signature based detection systems. Traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), despite decades of refinement, suffer from high false-positive rates, inability to detect nove…

This paper presents the architecture, design rationale, and empirical evaluation of an AI-Powered System for Dynamic Content Creation, Storage, and Retrieval—a centralized, web-based platform engineered to streamline the complete lifecycle of digital content. The system orchestrates multiple state of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs), including NVIDIA NIM (Llama 3.1), Groq (Llama 3.1), Cerebra…

Pulse oximetry is a widely used non-invasive technique for estimating peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate. This paper presents the design and development of a compact, low-cost pulse oximeter prototype based on an Arduino Nano and a MAX30102 optical sensor. The proposed system acquires red and infrared photoplethysmography signals from a fingertip, processes the waveform through em…

With the rapid growth of digital financial transactions, credit card fraud detection has become a critical challenge in the banking and finance sector. Traditional rule-based systems and classical machine learning (ML) models often struggle to detect complex and evolving fraud patterns, especially in highly imbalanced datasets. This paper proposes a novel hybrid approach to credit card fraud dete…

The rapid growth of digital transactions and online platforms has generated vast amounts of customer data, creating opportunities to analyze and understand consumer behavior more effectively. The project titled “Customer Behaviour Analysis Using Data Mining Techniques with AI Driven Recommendations” focuses on leveraging data mining and artificial intelligence to extract meaningful insights from …