Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the most influential technologies of the twentyfirst century, impacting economies, governance, industry, and daily life (Brynjolfsson & McAfee, 2017; Russell & Norvig, 2020). While AI has the potential to boost productivity, innovation, and quality of life, its development remains concentrated in a few advanced nations and large tech companies. This raises concerns about technological inequality, digital monopolies, and unequal access to AI benefits