European automakers have been increasing collaboration with their Chinese counterparts in recent years, as they seek to break through the vicious cycle of weak demand, rising costs, and low capacity utilization, as well as difficulties in their transition to electric vehicles (EVs). However, the fact that Europe is utilizing subsidies and collaborative efforts to expand production with Chinese carmakers while confronting overcapacity issues on its home turf is, in the eyes of the US, an absurd situation, and Washington has not ruled out the possibility of further tariffs or import restrictions on European cars.