Environmental exposures-such as airborne pollutants, metals, and urban stressors-contribute to cancer development and progression, yet their downstream biological effects remain difficult to characterize in vivo. Quantitative medical imaging may help fill this gap. Radiomics, in particular, offers access to tissue-level patterns shaped by chronic injury and microenvironmental remodeling. In this review, we discuss the rationale for linking geospatial exposure assessment with CT- and MRI-derived