Perioperative anesthetic management of uncorrected partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in a child with VACTERL association undergoing laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly characterized by anomalous drainage of one or more pulmonary veins into the systemic venous circulation, resulting in a left-to-right shunt. Perioperative management can be challenging due to the risk of hemodynamic instability with changes in pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance (SVR), particularly in young children, where the literature is scarce. We report the successful perioperative anesthetic m