Tsaoko stripe mosaic virus (TkSMV) has been identified as the predominant viral pathogen of Amomum tsaoko in Yunnan province of China. This virus induced various foliar symptoms including chlorosis, stripe mosaic and necrosis, while some infected A. tsaoko plants remain asymptomatic. Comprehensive investigation of the population genetic structure and molecular detection protocols for TkSMV is crucial for elucidating its evolutionary dynamics, epidemiology, and disease control strategies. Phylog