ObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review and comparison of the effects of propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia on cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients following abdominal surgery.MethodsComparative studies published in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Medline databases as of 08 Jun 2025 were searched. The final extracted data was analyzed using Review Manager 5.4.ResultsThe 7 randomized controlled studies included a total of 802 patients who had undergone abdo