Recent advances in our understanding of pulpal biology and inflammatory responses have led to a fundamental shift in our approach to pulpal and periapical diseases. The traditional dichotomy of reversible versus irreversible pulpitis has been challenged by evidence suggesting that pulpal inflammation exists on a continuum, rather than as discrete states [1, 2]. This continuum includes initial, mild, moderate and severe pulpitis [1]. Pulpitis may also progress apically in a manner that allows inc