I want to compute the energies and eigenstates for non-zero total spin of the 1-dimensional XY model. The Hamiltonian for the 1-dimensional XY model is given by: \begin{align*} H = -J \sum_{i=1}^{N} (S_i^x S_{i+1}^x + S_i^y S_{i+1}^y) \end{align*} where and are the spin-1/2 components at site . We assume is even and periodic boundary conditions ( ). For convenience, We often transform the spin operators into fermion operators. We use the Jordan-Wigner transformation. This transforms the Hamiltonian into: \begin{align*} H = -\frac{J}{2} \sum_{i=1}^{N} (c_i^\dagger c_{i+1} + c_{i+1}^\dagger c_i) \end{align*} where and are fermion annihilation and creation operators, respectively. The total spin is related with the fermion number as \begin{align*} S^z_{tot}=M-\frac{N}{2}. \end{align*} The ground state is given by the sector and this corresponds to the half-filled state in the language of fermions. The ground state energy is given by . What I want to find is the (minimum) energy and eigenstate for non-zero sectors. As an example, we consider the case. For , the state is and the energy is 0 where is the fermions' occupied/unoccupied state. For , I think the eigenstate is given by: \begin{align*} |M=3\rangle=\frac{1}{2}\left[|0111\rangle + |1011 \rangle+| 1101 \rangle + | 1110 \rangle \right] \end{align*} and the energy is . For , the energy is . How do you find the energy and eigenstate in general?
The energy for nonzero total spin of 1-dimensional XY model
Kitchen

