New-type urbanization reflects a development orientation toward low-carbon, green, and environmentally friendly growth; however, its relationship with the ecological environment remains insufficiently understood, particularly in ecologically fragile and underdeveloped regions. Taking the Southwest China’s ethnic minorities areas as the study area, this paper employs Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the Slacks-Based Measure Data Envelopment Analysis (SBM-DEA) model with undesirable outputs, the e