Objective This study aimed to investigate the levels of peripheral blood immune cells CD4 + , CD8 + , CD56 + , and regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the expression of tumor markers K-ras and Ki-67 in pathological tissues of patients with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV)-infected cervical lesions, and to explore their correlations with HPV-DNA viral load. Methods A total of 240 female patients with HR-HPV infection treated at Hebei Central Hospital of Petroleum between January 2022 and Decemb