A sequential strategy of upfront radiofrequency ablation followed by endoscopic papillectomy for complex ampullary tumors

Background Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) is the first-line treatment for ampullary tumors, and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) as an alternative or adjunctive treatment. This study systematically analyzed EP’s clinical outcomes and evaluated the feasibility and safety of a sequential RFA-first strategy for complex ampullary tumors. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 132 patients treated with EP or RFA at Shenzhen People’s Hospital from April 2018 to August 2024. Categorical variables were presente