Frontiers in Medicine

Objective To describe the clinical and radiological outcomes of minimally invasive percutaneous cannulated screw fixation (MIPCSF) in a consecutive series of patients with unstable Tile B/C pelvic fractures, and to explore associations between Tile classification, surgical timing, and outcomes. Methods A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted on 248 consecutive patients with unsta…

Background The incidence of arteriosclerosis is steadily increasing, and arteriosclerosis is closely associated with cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this research was to create and verify a tool for forecasting arteriosclerosis in middle-aged and elderly individuals within the community. Methods A cohort study was conducted in multiple communities, and 4107 participants over 40 years of…

Background Thyroid eye disease (TED) severity assessment using the EUGOGO severity classification is partly subjective and prone to interobserver variability. While MRI-derived anatomical measurements offer objective features, such as ocular protrusion and extraocular muscle thickness, these are underutilized in machine learning (ML) models that often rely on non-interpretable radiomic features. …

Skin dysbiosis plays a crucial role in inflammatory skin diseases, particularly in genodermatoses such as Netherton syndrome (NS). This case report aimed to investigate changes in the skin microbiome of a patient with Netherton syndrome before and during dupilumab therapy, with the goal of expanding the limited evidence currently available on this topic. We report the case of a 35-year-old woman …

Background Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) is the first-line treatment for ampullary tumors, and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) as an alternative or adjunctive treatment. This study systematically analyzed EP’s clinical outcomes and evaluated the feasibility and safety of a sequential RFA-first strategy for complex ampullary tumors. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 132 patients treated with EP or …

Background Sepsis is associated with high mortality, and early risk stratification is essential. Inflammation-derived hematological indices from routine complete blood count testing are readily available, inexpensive, and reproducible, but their comparative prognostic value in sepsis remains unclear. Methods This multicenter retrospective cohort study used the MIMIC-IV database as the development…

Background Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) show substantial heterogeneity and are classified into distinct risk categories requiring different treatment strategies. Therefore, reliable preoperative risk stratification is crucial for treatment planning. Due to its inherent contrast, visceral adipose tissue can be reliably segmented and its volume of interest (VOI) obtained even on non-cont…

Objective To explore the efficacy and prognostic factors of surgical resection in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and isolated pleural metastasis (M1a) after receiving individualized conversion therapy. Methods This retrospective study included 167 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and isolated pleural metastasis (M1a) admitted to Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital…

Acute gastric distension (AGD) is a rare but life-threatening acute abdominal condition. Despite the rich blood supply to the stomach, extreme distension can lead to ischemic necrosis, perforation, and gas accumulation in the portal vein, with a mortality rate as high as 80–100%. We report the case of a 15-year-old male patient who presented with severe abdominal pain, bloating, and vomiting foll…

Background Diabetes distress is a common and clinically significant condition linked to the daily demands of diabetes management. It affects up to 36% of individuals with type 2 diabetes and is associated with poor outcomes. However, the cognitive and emotional mechanisms underlying this distress remain unclear, especially in high-burden settings such as Saudi Arabia. The study aims to quantify t…

Introduction Developmental dyslexia refers to a common neurodevelopmental disorder, which impairs the accuracy and fluency of reading, and early identification is vital for initiating timely intervention. Nonetheless, the traditional methods of formal assessment are time- and resource-intensive, which limits their scalability. Machine-learning approaches and eye-tracking technologies provide obje…

Alport syndrome (AS) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by mutations in type IV collagen genes, clinically characterized by progressive renal function deterioration. Despite advances in genetic screening technologies, cases resulting from non-canonical splice site variants remain diagnostically challenging, frequently leading to missed diagnoses or delayed therapeutic intervention. He…

Background Osteoporotic fragility fractures often lead to hospitalization and impose a significant economic burden. To investigate the clinical characteristics of hospitalized major osteoporotic fractures in South China. Methods In this study, we identified 1125 hospitalized patients with osteoporotic fractures who underwent DXA examination at the Yuebei People's Hospital between January 1, 2019,…

Background Sjögren’s disease (an autoimmune exocrinopathy) and Gitelman syndrome (an autosomal recessive renal tubulopathy caused by SLC12A3 mutations) both manifest with hypokalemia. Their coexistence can significantly complicate differential diagnosis. Methods A 62-years-old female presented with fatigue, dry mouth, and refractory hypokalemia. Immunological testing (positive antinuclear and ant…

Purpose To assess the real-world clinical outcomes of faricimab in patients receiving treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Methods This real-world prospective observational study included patients with refractory nAMD. In total, 37 patients were analyzed. All patients had previously undergone at least three consecutive intravitreal injections of other anti-vascular e…

Introduction This study aimed to establish and validate a predictive model for forceps-assisted delivery in term singleton primiparas during the early second stage of labor, enabling early identification of high-risk cases and targeted intrapartum care to reduce maternal and neonatal risks associated with prolonged labor. Materials and methods The study retrospectively analyzed clinical data from…

Introduction Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate clinical state between normal cognitive aging and dementia. MCI can impair complex daily activities and social functioning. Ayurveda recognizes age-related changes (Jarā) as a natural phenomenon; however, pathological cognitive decline is considered when influenced by doṣa-vaiṣamya. Descriptions of Buddhi-bhraṁśa and Smṛti-bhraṁśa ca…

Background Acute appendicitis exhibits heterogeneous inflammatory responses that conventional single-marker assessments fail to capture. This study identified distinct inflammatory phenotypes using latent class analysis (LCA) and developed machine learning models to predict postoperative complications in pediatric appendicitis. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 402 pediatric patien…

Objective Collateral circulation is a biomarker of central venous stenosis (CVS). We attempted to identify the presence of CVS in hemodialysis patients using the lateral thoracic pathway (LTP) on low-dose computed tomography (CT). Methods A total of 355 patients with end-stage renal disease were retrospectively enrolled in this study and further divided into three subgroups (central vein catheter…

Introduction To investigate the association between renal function and T lymphocyte subsets and mitochondrial-related parameters in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods This retrospective study included patients with CKD between July 2023 and June 2024. Disease stage was assessed based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and patients were classified into CKD stages 1–5 …