Motor overflow, a neuromotor phenomenon characterized by involuntary activation of muscles during voluntary movement, reflects impairments in interhemispheric and intracortical inhibition and is commonly observed in conditions such as stroke, cerebral palsy, dystonia, and Parkinson’s disease. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulatory technique with potential to modulate the cortical excitability underlying overflow-related dysfunctions. This systematic review aime