Frontiers in Neuroscience | New and Recent Articles

High-altitude hypoxia imposes substantial challenges on cerebral oxygen delivery and brain functional regulation. Body mass index (BMI) may influence neurophysiological adaptation to such environments through metabolic and hemorheological pathways, yet its relationship with resting-state Electroencephalography (EEG) microstate dynamics remains unclear. This study examined whether blood viscosity …

IntroductionDynamic gesture recognition using impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar has attracted increasing interest for privacy-preserving and illumination-robust human-computer interaction. However, single-view radar perception is susceptible to occlusion and viewpoint-dependent information loss, while existing methods often struggle to jointly model fine-grained local motion patterns an…

Spinal degeneration, spinal deformity, and spinal cord injury (SCI) are classically managed as discrete biomechanical or neurological entities. However, emerging evidence reveals them as an interconnected pathological continuum. This mini-review introduces the “ferroptosis-mediated domino effect” as the core metabolic driver linking these conditions. The cascade initiates within the avascular int…

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine whether the preoperative spino-cranial angle (SCA) predicts cervical sagittal imbalance (CSI) after laminoplasty (LP).MethodsWe retrospectively screened 298 consecutive patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) who underwent LP at our hospital from January 2018 to June 2021. Of these, 116 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Radiographic …

IntroductionUltra-high field (UHF) 7 tesla (7T) MRI offers unique diagnostic opportunities for clinical neuroimaging. However, broader clinical implementation remains limited because the reduced radiofrequency (RF) wavelength at 7T causes RF transmit field (B1+) inhomogeneity, resulting in spatial variation in image signal and tissue contrast. These effects are particularly pronounced in the skul…

Neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and autism disrupt the brain's structural and functional organization, particularly in specific regions, and ultimately lead to cognitive impairments. In Alzheimer's disease-related dementia, neuronal degeneration impairs structural connectivity between brain regions, which in turn leads to functional breakdowns. This phenom…

The glymphatic system is a recently discovered brain waste clearance system that is mostly active during sleep and disengaged during wakefulness. Impaired glymphatic function leads to the deposition of metabolic waste products in the brain potentially causing inflammation leading to various symptoms in ME/CFS. While the glymphatic function has been assessed in other neurodegenerative diseases usi…

Pain affects over 30% of the global population, with an underlying pathogenesis involving a complex interplay of biopsychosocial factors. Despite the availability of conventional pharmacological and interventional therapies, their clinical utility is frequently constrained by concerns regarding substance misuse, surgical complications, and other adverse sequelae. Acoustic stimulation (AS) has eme…

Motor overflow, a neuromotor phenomenon characterized by involuntary activation of muscles during voluntary movement, reflects impairments in interhemispheric and intracortical inhibition and is commonly observed in conditions such as stroke, cerebral palsy, dystonia, and Parkinson’s disease. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulatory technique with potential to mod…

IntroductionThis study tracked 47 high-altitude migrants to investigate the adaptive mechanisms of the brain to hypoxic environments.MethodsEEG and physiological indicators (SpO2, HCT, AAI) were recorded during the acute (7 days) and chronic (45 days) phases of high-altitude exposure. EEG complexity was assessed using multiscale entropy (MSE), and inter-regional brain coupling was also analyzed.R…

IntroductionParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and is one of the leading causes of neurological disability. Although there are currently no cures or treatments for this disease, many patients with PD may therapeutically benefit from preventing or mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of paederosid…

IntroductionSleep supports memory consolidation through the reactivation of neural circuits engaged during learning. Targeted Memory Reactivation (TMR), in which memory-associated sensory cues are presented during sleep, can enhance declarative memory retention. However, the neural signatures supporting odor-cued reactivation remain incompletely characterized.Materials and methodsHere, we analyze…

BackgroundCurrently, prospective evidence on how sleep habits specifically affect scoliosis is nearly nonexistent. We therefore sought to clarify the association between comprehensive sleep behavior patterns and the incidence of this disease.MethodsThis study conducted a prospective cohort study based on the UK Biobank (UKB), including 408,870 participants who did not have scoliosis at baseline. …

IntroductionAlthough vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an established therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy, its mechanisms of action remain unresolved, resulting in variable clinical efficacy. Given the strong anatomical and functional coupling between vagal afferents and the locus coeruleus–noradrenergic system, this study investigated whether VNS directly impacts an electrophysiological marker of…

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is usually framed as a proteinopathy and network disorder, but this view may be incomplete. We propose a mechanobiological hypothesis in which synaptic micromechanics, regional brain softening, vascular pulsatility, and glymphatic transport are parts of a coupled fluid–solid system whose failure contributes to AD progression. In this framework, early synaptic and glial me…

Mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) is a pivotal hub for cortical functions, characterized by significant heterogeneity in its anatomical connectivity, cytoarchitecture, and function, constituting a complex nucleus composed of multiple functionally specialized subregions. We elaborates on the heterogeneous anatomical connectivity of MD and its crucial role in supporting higher cognitive functions s…

ObjectiveBoth the C-reactive protein (CRP)–triglyceride–glucose index (CTI) and the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) are easily accessible, cost-effective, and rapid indices derived from biochemical examinations. The study aimed to identify the roles of the CTI and SII in older adults with comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and depression.MethodsThe study included 52 older patients wi…