Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondrial function-enhancing properties, which demonstrate its significant neuroprotective potential. However, its high water solubility presents challenges with regard to blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, prompting extensive research interest. This study used a composite emulsification method combined with response surface methodology to optimize the formulation and preparation process, resulting in the design o