infectious-disease

Veterans who worked in high-blast occupations, such as artillery or weapons training, show higher rates of anger and aggression. Using artificial intelligence to scan medical records, researchers found this occupational exposure carries a distinct behavioral risk.

Scientific Reports, Published online: 21 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41598-026-59071-z Circulating matrix metalloproteinase profile in early-stage primary biliary cholangitis

Nature Communications, Published online: 21 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41467-026-74406-0 Longitudinal antibody profiling in a Nicaraguan pediatric dengue cohort shows that cross-reactive IgG against the envelope protein rises, not wanes, over 18 months post-primary infection, with antibody kinetics differing by viral protein and domain.

Utah has spent the past year fighting measles outbreaks in almost every county, a troubling development that could affect whether the United States can keep its measles-free designation.

Scientists have uncovered a shared target used by multiple diarrhea-causing bacteria to invade the gut. Despite decades of research, scientists still do not have vaccines against two of the world’s most common causes of severe bacterial diarrhea: enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and Shigella. Together, these pathogens infect hundreds of millions of people each year and [...]

Microplastics are everywhere. They are tiny pieces of plastic that form when larger plastic items, such as bottles, food containers, plastic bags, and packaging materials, slowly break down over time. These particles are so small that people often cannot see them with the naked eye. Scientists have found microplastics in rivers, oceans, soil, drinking water, […] The post Tiny Plastic Particles Co…

Nature Communications, Published online: 20 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41467-026-74452-8 Excessive Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by neutrophils drives necrotizing inflammation of small blood vessels in Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV). However, the mechanism responsible for the dysregulated ROS production remains uncharacterized. Here, the authors re…

When H5N1 bird flu first began infecting U.S. cattle in early 2024, diagnosis was elusive, because in cows, the disease looked completely different.

The world's first HIV-positive-to-HIV-positive lung transplant was performed at NYU Langone Health.

Years after initial tests, researchers are now racing to see if a vaccine developed in 2011 can help fight the current Bundibugyo outbreak in Congo.

ObjectivesTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of high-dose dual therapy (HDDT) for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication in patients with varying degrees of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)MethodsA total of 91 patients diagnosed with MAFLD complicated by H. pylori infection at the Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, from Oc…

The World Health Organization (WHO) has designated carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-KP) as a critical priority pathogen due to its increasing importance for human health. Although wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) is discussed as a complementary tool for classical systems regarding hazard forecasting and early-warning, methods targeting a single AMR target remain scarce. Theref…

Antimicrobials are widely used in intensive poultry production, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, promoting the selection and spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Avian fecal Escherichia coli (AFEC) act as important reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, reflecting baseline resistance levels and facilitating dissemination of resistance and virulence determinants within poult…

Enterovirus A71 (EVA71) is a major pathogen responsible for hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) outbreaks and poses a considerable threat to public health. In this work, we established a molecular detection system that integrates reverse transcription multiple cross displacement amplification (RT-MCDA) with CRISPR/Cas12a technology, targeting the VP1 gene region for EVA71 identification. This pl…

IntroductionThe application of bacteriophages in food systems requires evaluation under conditions that reflect realistic storage scenarios. This study evaluated two lytic bacteriophages, SW03 and CF03, targeting Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7, respectively, as potential biocontrol agents in food matrices.MethodsPhage SW03, isolated from municipal sewage, and phage CF03, isolate…

IntroductionHuman herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is the etiologic agent of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), important causes of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). The highly polymorphic ORF-K1 region is commonly used for HHV-8 genotyping and phylogenetic analysis. We investigated the distribution of HHV-8 genotypes and their clinical correlates among PLWH …

Background and aimsFecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis (UC). This single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated the clinical effectiveness and safety of an optimized FMT protocol, in which donor bacteria were concentrated by tangential-flow micropore membrane filtration and delivered after pre-FMT antibiotic preconditi…